Medical Health Information

What are the symptoms and signs, varicose veins?
First, varicose veins a cosmetic nuisance, and these are the main reason people seek medical advice. Some are also concerned about the condition may predispose to complications - which occur rarely.

The symptoms vary, and many have no symptoms from varicose veins. Some people may feel discomfort and heaviness in the legs, especially if I stand still. Complaints are then often worse towards the end of the day. Some people develop dermatitis and itching. Discharge of blood from varicose veins can cause discoloration of the skin on the leg. Occasionally, varicose veins can be a starting point for leg ulcers.

What causes varicose veins?
Veins are blood vessels that carry blood from body tissues back to the heart. Veins contain valves that act as one-way valves. These should ensure that blood can only flow one way, towards the heart. If these valves become damaged, the blood will be flowing in the opposite direction and accumulate in the veins of the legs. The pressure inside these vein's increases, they expand, become distended and easily visible.

Several factors may make you more susceptible to varicose veins.

• You may be predisposed to it through inheritance. Several members of the family may have varicose veins.
• Women are especially prone to develop varicose veins during pregnancy.
• Stationary work makes it easier to develop varicose veins.
• Obesity also appears to predispose to varicose veins.

Varicose veins predisposed to superficial phlebitis, eczema development and leg ulcers. The risk of blood clots in the leg (deep-vein thrombosis) is very small.

How the condition diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made by detection of bulging, twisting veins of the feet, the legs and possibly in the thighs. Your doctor may also conduct various studies to clarify the extent to which the veins are damaged. As a rule, these unnecessary investigations and primarily at issue in those cases where you are considering surgery. The need for further examination, ultrasound is the preferred investigation.

How is the condition?
Varicose veins is a harmless and innocent condition which in most cases does not require any treatment. Very few are experiencing leg ulcers or other complications. For much discomfort, it may still be necessary to remove varicose veins.

You can take measures to reduce any discomfort. You should avoid stagnant labor. Furthermore, avoid tight clothing or stockings that prevent blood backflow. Alternatively, you can use elastic stockings ( compression stockings ) that clamp together years and reduce the risk of varicose veins increase in size. If you feel heavy in the legs and swollen, you should sit with your legs high. Obesity worsens varicose veins. If you have eczema on my legs, you should treat it well to avoid wounds.

Surgical treatment of varicose veins may be appropriate if you have a lot of complaints, or if there is a tendency to ulceration of the skin. Cosmetically unacceptable varicose veins can also be an indication for surgery.

The surgery removed the superficial veins by opening the vein in the groin and ankle region, enters a string through the vein and pulls the vein out ("stripping"). The disadvantage of the procedure is that there is extravasation of bluish discoloration in the area where the vein was pulled out. This results usually within a couple of weeks. Some have impaired sensory and needles in the leg due to nerve damage. It is always a risk that varicose veins can come back after such an operation at the other veins to dilate. This new varicose veins is, however, usually less than the original.

Instead of surgical removal of varicose vein and is increasingly used a method with internal heating and thus the destruction of a vessel. A probe is inserted into the vein through a small incision in the skin. Artery thermal treatment (laser or radio waves) so that it "melts" and converted into connective tissue. This treatment can be done under local anesthesia and avoids the troublesome bleeding under the skin after the procedure. The results seem to be as good as during normal operation.

It is also possible to make the injection treatment of varicose veins. This treatment consists in that it injected a local irritant substance in varicose veins. This leads to varicose veins damage and collapse. The method is not as effective as surgery, and is best suited for small varicose veins. A new method is injection of local irritant substance in the foam form - this leads to a better distribution of the substances, and thus opportunities for the treatment of some larger areas. This could be a useful method in the future.

The venous pump in the legs
Varicose veins is dilated, sinuous blood vessels (veins) just below the skin surface, especially on the lower leg and inner thigh. Varicose veins is called in technical language for varices. Varicose veins is considered as an innocent medical condition where treatment usually is not needed. However, varicose veins can be both physically and psychologically uncomfortable.

Varicose veins is extremely common, occurring in 10-20% of all men and in 25-35% of all women. Women often seek medical advice for varicose veins, so the condition is perceived as more frequent among women because of that. Age of onset varies; some people develop varicose veins already in their teens, but the incidence increases with age.

What is the prognosis?
Varicose veins tended to increase with age, and gradually become more serious. However, dangerous complications are very rare.
After surgery, there are some who have a recurrence in a study from 2011, found recurrence in 16-23% of patients after two years - no significant difference between the laser treatment or surgery.

What causes the disease?
Wegener's granulomatosis manifests itself as a so-called autoimmune disease, meaning that the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. We're not sure why the body reacts in this way.

How is the diagnosis?
When the doctor suspects the disease, it may be appropriate in several surveys of your body. The purpose is to determine which organs are affected. It will have blood tests and various imaging studies. Detection of specific types of antibodies (cANCA), high blood sedimentation rate, or renal impairment strengthens the suspicion of the diagnosis.



X-ray of the lungs may show changes similar to tuberculosis. Tissue samples can help to confirm the diagnosis.

It is essential to medical treatment for you to be healthy. The treatment is lengthy, often lasting 2-3 years. The first half of the year there are intensive courses with a chemotherapy called cyclophosphamide (cyclophosphamide), and between courses, you must use regular medication (corticosteroids).

In particular, cyclophosphamide can have many side effects, and therefore, it is necessary to use protective medications during courses. Women are advised to use birth control pills to protect the ovaries and prevent any damage to the fetus, and men who want to become fathers, will offer to freeze sperm for later in vitro fertilization.



The next two years are generally used a different chemotherapy, methotrexate. Together with methotrexate need to take folic acid tablets to prevent deficiency states.

Wegener's granulomatosis is a disease that attacks the small blood vessels (arterioles and capillaries) in the body. In particular, lungs, throat, nose, sinuses and kidneys are affected.

In the beginning, the symptoms are often vague, such as runny nose or prolonged otitis media that is not well with standard treatment. Complaint from the lungs is sometimes later with cough and breathing difficulty. Mild fever, fatigue and general malaise are common. Some people get joint pain, swelling around an eye or skin rash. Disease of the kidney is usually marked late in the course.

Wegener's granulomatosis is a rare disease that can be very severe without treatment.

How are long-term prospects?
Wegener's granulomatosis is a disease that can become life threatening if not treated. With the treatment options available today, most patients recover. Some will relapse and must be treated again. Some are long-term effects of treatment.

We recommend regular checks for years to come even if you have been completely healthy.

How is the condition?

There are several things you can do yourself to improve the situation:

• Regular exercise such as walking, is important because it stimulates circulation and helps keep weight under control.
• Using specially designed elastic stockings may be helpful to both the discomfort and the swelling.
• Avoid prolonged sedentary or standing work. Be sure to move your feet and move. On long flights, this should be done several times during the trip.
• Add your legs elevated at rest.
• Be careful skin care to prevent ulcers
• Stopping smoking is highly recommended!
• An herbal remedy of horse chestnuts (Venastat) is shown to be effective in some, and can be tried at times of an extraordinary amount of pain (not pregnant)

The annoying symptoms may be relevant operation. This may improve cosmetic conditions and alleviate symptoms. If only cosmetic annoying varicose veins that is the problem, these can be treated and removed by surgery. If the deep veins are clogged, it is possible with internal blocking and placement of the stent to keep the artery open. In rare cases, it may be necessary to make surgical reconstruction of the valves in the vessel wall.