What causes high blood pressure?
Primary hypertension
Hypertension can have many different causes. In the vast majority (90-95%) it is impossible to pinpoint the exact reason for the high pressure. We call this the primary (essential) hypertension. It is likely that heredity and genetics play a significant role in many of those who have primary hypertension. In addition, a number of factors may trigger or worsen high blood pressure in these.
Researchers have found several genetic factors that are closely related to hypertension. Of particular interest are differences in certain genes that make hormones called angiotensinogen, renin and angiotensinogen converting enzyme. These three hormones play an important role as the control of blood pressure, water and salt balance within the body.
In addition to hereditary factors, there are several things that increase your chance of getting high blood pressure. Important causes are obesity, diabetes, low physical activity, alcohol intake, high salt intake and high age.
Secondary hypertension
In secondary hypertension, there is a cause of high blood pressure. Secondary hypertension is much less than the primary, and only 5-10% of those with hypertension have this variant.
Other diseases are the most common cause of secondary hypertension. In particular, renal disease tends to affect blood pressure. Some diseases of the adrenal glands, the pancreas, or aorta, may also cause high blood pressure. The same applies to some medicines, such as oral contraceptives, NSAIDs, and corticosteroids.
Secondary hypertension often affects young people and occurs quickly. Blood pressure is ultimately very high, and decreases not extremely common blood pressure medications. Often the cause of secondary hypertension is removed.
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