Pertussis: Treatment and Prevention
Treatment:
- Notifiable disease to the health authorities.
- It need to isolate the sick child.
- Close supervision of children, especially infants primarily during coughing.
- Antibiotic and cough in children over seven years.
- Antibiotic (in case of infection erythromycin). Chemoprophylaxis is sometimes recommended in 40 to 50 mg per kilogram per day of erythromycin. This dose should not exceed 1 g jour.Après the contagion which is in contact with a person with pertussis; incubation occurs silently and lasts about seven days.
- Hospitalization is necessary in infants less than six months and children with cyanosis (blue purplish skin mucous membranes).
- Specific immunoglobulins administered after counting not prevent the occurrence of pertussis and are likely to reduce the symptoms, especially in children less than one year.
Prevention:
Pertussis vaccine is a vaccine consisting of inactivated bacteria and are administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly. The most common is this vaccine in combination with C DT vaccine (diphtheria tetanus pertussis) and DTCP (diphtheria pertussis tetanus polio). The modern variety of pertussis vaccine has improved tolerance compared to the old one. These new vaccines are based on acellular are antigenic. They are not mandatory vaccination. It is possible from three months. It includes a booster shot every five years during childhood. This vaccination does not generally is safe and effective.
The pertussis vaccine is usually associated with diphtheria and tetanus.
It is administered from the second month in three subcutaneous injections deep in a less interval, followed by a booster at 18 months and a late booster performed between 11 and 13 years.
The vaccine is not recommended against when the patient has a history of seizures or encephalopathy.
It has been described neurological complications after vaccination for a patient of 10 000 to 180 000. This figure is at the center of a controversy.
The pertussis vaccine must be a whole-cell vaccine containing. It is indicated for primary vaccination in infants.
The acellular pertussis vaccine is indicated for the reminder of the eighteenth month and late booster between 12 and 13 years.
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