The educational process: education for health
Introduction
The health education is a public health response to the information and training of the population about the risks about their health-related behaviors.
Aims of education:
- Change behavior.
- Strengthen the autonomy of decision and responsibility of people.
- Promote health.
The educational process is a dynamic process seeking the support and participation of the target audience.
Before any approach must:
- Search with the following people: their knowledge, skills, habits of life.
- Set goals:
2. Reinforce positive behaviors.
- Avoid value judgments about people's behavior.
- Avoid what is related to a moralistic approach.
Education is an educational practice that assumes that the person or group can take part responsible.
It differs from education is a deliberate process to create the cognitive and behavioral changes in people.
The educational process can begin only when the person or group has a need to know something and know-how something.
Learning
Learning is intended to act on the knowledge (cognitive domain), attitudes (affective domain) and gestures (psychomotor domain).
Learning can be influenced by:
- Variable elements, which are a function of:
2. The capacity of individuals or groups.
3. The capacity of educators.
- Individuals and groups supported: certain elements involved (fatigue, stress, integrity of the organs ...).
- Emotional and intellectual level: learning ability, verbalization, education level, posture, attitude, stage of understanding, active acceptance.
- Socio-cultural elements: presentation of the group, representation of pathology, language proficiency in terms of vocabulary, religious practices related to diseaseing, presence and support of family, conception of the role of caregiver.
Identification of needs
The nurse must assess all the variables before setting up the learning process: educational diagnosis.
Teaching objectives
- Know.
- Expertise.
- Skills.
Content of teaching
This content should be developed from what people already know and master. Please choose the most appropriate teaching methods for people and situations by field:
- Cognitive presentations, discussions, provide written, invite people to courses, programs.
- Affective presentations, testimonies, role plays, films and visualizations of emissions, and stimulation discussions, forums, the internet.
- Psychomotor activities, workshops.
- Fix the time, duration and location, the actors.
- Promote the alternation of these methods.
- Knowledge: questionnaires.
- Attitudes: recognizing the warning signs.
- Skills: body language and motor skills.
- Assessment tools: grids, concrete cases.
The educational approach is an approach based on a contractual agreement. This contract is essential and is the only guarantee of project success, the involvement of the motivation of the group. The educational process requires a comprehensive approach, that is to say, takes the whole person but not to focus only on the pathology.
There the committee of health education, the regional committees of health education who is responsible for:
- Develop and monitor action plans.
- Implement prevention campaigns.
- To inform the public and professionals.
- To provide methodological support.
- Make available documentation professionals.
- Train professionals in health education.
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