Acute pulmonary edema causes
What causes pulmonary edema?
Your lungs are two spongy, elastic organs inside the chest that stretches and contracts when you breathe. Even if your lungs can hold up to 5-7 liters of air, then breathe in only a small part of it with every breath you take.
The lower respiratory tract consists of the trachea, which then divides into two hovedbronkier. These parts gradually into smaller bronchi and bronchioles that ultimately end in the alveoli. Each lung consists of approx. 300 million alveoli, which inflate like little miniature balloons every time you breathe. In the wall of each alveolus is blood vessels (capillaries) that are associated with the larger blood vessels (arteries and veins) in the lungs.
The capillaries are so narrow that red blood cells pass through them only one in width. Each red blood cell absorbs oxygen, while blood fluid release carbon dioxide. However, when the alveoli block up with fluid in its place of air, prevent oxygen from receiving caught up in the blood stream. A numeral of factors can basis the fluid accumulates in the lungs; however, mainly often it is affirmed that heart failure - acute pulmonary edema cardial.
How the heart works.
The heart consists of two atrium and two chambers. Upper chambers (right and left) receive the blood that flows into the heart. The heart chambers (right and left) pump's blood from the heart. Heart valves prevent blood flow back when it is pumped from the chambers of the heart chambers or out of the heart.
It normally comes oxygen-poor blood from the body into the heart via the precise atrium and is pumped from the right ventricle into the pulmonary circulation (the small loop). Where the carbon dioxide released, and oxygen is taken up. The oxygen-rich blood then returns to the left atrium and is pumped out of the body (the big circuit) of the left ventricle.
What goes wrong in acute pulmonary edema?
Acute pulmonary edema occurs when the left ventricle is unable to pump out enough of the blood that it receives from the pulmonary circulation. As a result, the pressure inside the left atrium and subsequently in the pulmonary circulation, including the capillaries in the walls of the alveoli. Fluid then pressed out through the capillary walls and into the alveoli.
Medical conditions that allow the left ventricle become weak and eventually fail, heart attack, weakened heart muscle ( cardiomyopathy ), heart valve problems and high blood pressure.
If a pulmonary edema persists, it will eventually lead to the right ventricle fails. This means that the back flow of blood from the body to the heart is inhibited, leading to swollen legs (edema), accumulation of fluid in the abdomen (ascites) or leakage of fluid between the lung membranes (pleural effusion).
Pulmonary edema not due to heart failure
Not all cases of pulmonary edema caused by heart disease. Fluid can also leak from the capillaries in alveoleveggene because the capillaries begin to leak without it due to high pressure in the arteries. This is not a heart disease cause of pulmonic edema. Examples of conditions that can cause this type of pulmonary edema, pneumonia, poisoning with certain toxins, severe allergic reactions, overdose of drugs, shock conditions, altitude sickness.
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